Fridays

Criminals' Punishment, Farnaz

2016-10-21T15:11:50+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of and individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Justice and a balance between penalties and crimes have been the topic of many discussions in the last decades. However, whether there should be a strict punishment for each type of crime or having the flexibility is debated. When it comes to this argument, I maintain that, a fixed sentence is a symbol of injustice. On the one hand, the advocates of the fixed punishment are strongly of the opinion that flexibility in imposing the sentence will give rise to the discrimination and inequality. Deciding on the kinds of penalties must be based on due to the law, otherwise . otherwise, it makes the judgment process more complex. Besides, the injustice which stems from the personal attitudes lead to injustice.arises. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of those who are against the critics of fixed penalties believe that , an offender's criminal backgrounds and his/her motivation must be taken into account. some of the criminals perpetrate the crime as a result of financial deficiencies or mental disorders. In this case, there is a distinction between one who carriesy out a crime associated to his psychological problems and for the first time with another who is used to doing it. Personally, were I to opt for either side of this controversy, I would vote for the flexibility in meting melting out a sentence owing to the facts mentioned above. Furthermore, there are variety of punishments such as financial fines, imprisonment and restraining orders. Imprisoning a young man who has carried out a robbery along with those who have committed atrocities such as murders or rapes is not only is useless, but also will lead to the young getting acquainted with ing new offences. In conclusion, despite the fact that strict law enforcement has its own merits, the flexibility in criminal justice system is required under certain circumstances.

Economic Development, Arefeh

2016-10-21T15:11:36+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

In recent years some countries have experienced very rapid economic development. This has resulted in much higher standards of living in urban areas but not in the country sides. This situation may bring some problems for the country as a whole. What are these problems? How might they be reduced? Although the economic growth has raised the standards of living in developing countries in recent years, it could negatively impact the countryside. In the same way, centralizing the facilities would entail farreaching implications for the urban living. First of all, people from the countryside will try to move to large cities to benefit from numerous possibilities which exist there are in these cities such as a wide range of job opportunities. This issue except having overpopulation matter would yield a variety of other problems, that is to say congested roads, incessant roar and staggering traffic which definitely would increase the exhaust fumes and subsequently it would cause some health problems. Secondly, through excessive settlement of rural people in megacities, by residing people in developed cities excessively, not only would the urban areas be affected, but also it will generate some inevitable problems in rural areas. With the decline in By decreasing the population of the villages in countryside the first thing that would be harmed is the agriculturale products. When nobody is there for cultivating and harvesting crops gradually animal husbandry and the agriculture industry would ruin, consequently it would necessitate importing some products from abroad to meet demands satisfy some people’s requirements. However, most people probably would be consumers which what gradually leads to a consumerist society. In conclusion, by decentralizing facilities, conversely, considering some possibilities, namely educational, recreational and commercial centers in rural areas, not only would it balance both areas, but also all people relatively similarly could benefit from a high standards of living. Arefeh (these facilities which are centralized in urban areas could negatively impact the countryside).(centralizing in urban areas, the facilities could negatively impact countryside).

Healthcare, Kian Abbasi

2016-10-21T15:11:22+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but there is no agreement about whether it is the government's responsibility. What is your opinion? Despite various policies taken by governments all around the world, there are two common areas of priority for most of them, if not all; education and health care. However, some argue that the burden should not fall only on the government and individuals are responsible as well. The notion is right to a great extent. Individual citizens and the governments need to cooperate jointly to take charge of these two important issues. The fist point to note is that government funding on education is of benefit to society in general and to families with children in particular. In this knowledge-based society, poor academic skills can impair one’s employability. Therefore, less affluent children will be in a seriously disadvantaged position in their future life. The Government can provide a more promising future for the aspiring students from families with meager income by giving them decent grants which in turn will be beneficial to the society in the future. Just as important as education is healthcare. Access to healthcare is a basic human right and a measure to ensure decent living standards. In the event of the need for urgent or emergency treatments, government financial support can help sufferers to get appropriate treatments regardless of the costly prices of healthcare services which are generally unaffordable by those on low income. Notwithstanding the above reasons, it is immoral that individuals, especially the affluent ones, shirk their responsibility as a citizen and leave the government in charge of all education and medical costs. These two significant areas require the combined/united measures of governments and citizens to guarantee the present comfort and the future development of a country.

Increasing the Price of Petrol is the Best Way to Solve Growing Traffic and Pollution Problems, Mary Attar

2016-10-21T15:11:09+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective? The augmented traffic issue is a phenomenon which has become a controversial global problem. It stems from numerous key factors which have been the results of developing process in great numbers of countries. However, some countries have got the rein of the traffic issue by means of several strategies. Raising the price of petrol and make a restriction against overt fuel consumption is one of the solutions. Nevertheless it is by no means certain to be a permanent resort, neither does it guaranty to solve congestion and air pollution matters thoroughly. Unfettered population also gives rise to heavy traffic and contamination of the environment. The more population, the more fuel consumption demands. Even though there should be birth controlling considerations for succeeding generation’s sake, they would not be the quick fix. It is worth bearing in mind that poor transportation system leads to increasing vehicle jam, as well as improper roads and infrastructures. Hence, establishing efficient plans for maintaining the road networks with suitable facilities. Moreover raising the cities’ capacity for construction more subways and even sky trains which let people to have various choice of inter-city travelling, brings about the drop in using personal automobiles which provide grounds for the heavy flux of vehicles. Despite setting out thorough public transportation approach, in order to supply the high demands of personal cars, it is better to encourage the industrial designs’ concepts in order to produce smaller cars with less fuel consumption. There is a contentious issue which its main intention is to increase the usage of clean energies that could be functional in wide range of purposes. Conspicuously a main case in point could be transportation which necessitates excessive amount of energy. To put in a nutshell, considering the district measures such as raising the fuel price could be though as a reinforcement to develop people’s attention to other transportation systems’ options. But it is not a panacea. Besides, government or other systems in charge, had better establish strong infrastructures to fix heavy traffic and air pollution issues sustainably.

Many of Diseases Which Afflict People Who Do Office Jobs are the Direct Result of a Sedentary Life Style, Mary Attar

2016-10-21T15:10:55+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Many of diseases which afflict people who do office jobs are the direct result of a sedentary life style. Do you agree? It is has widely accepted that technology’s growth lies lay at the root of sedentary jobs. Excessive Augmented use of dealing with personal computers in working environments brings about improper gestures, postures and above all less physical activityies which are associated with ill-health. Most of individuals are not aware of the damaging effects of this very life style until they are diagnosed with chronic diseases which most of which them are asymptomatic. Some cases in point are diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity and arthritis which all lead to fatal problems. Simply put, motionless jobs have ripple effects, what you might not expect to suffer. Although immobility in today’s life is inevitable, there are simple prevention strategies by which we can refrain from succeeding pains. Numerous researches indicate that people who have to remain seated in front of screens during the whole work time, had better take a walk around their seats every one hour for roughly three or four minutes. This strategy dwindles the repercussions of a sedentary lifestyle. Apart from this simple tip, as far as I am concerned, it is expedient to commute to the workplace by walking occasionally, or to be a consistent/regular compulsive member of a gym after a hectic day. Not only do these approaches decrease decline the catastrophic side effects, they psychologically have strengthening impacts on an individual’s mental health. Not to mention that , it is crucial to avoid being physically inactive. The more passive/inactive/motionless you are, the more you suffer from disease. To put in a nutshell, even though less active jobs have become an one inseparable part of people’s lives, it might take a heavy toll on our health conditions, hence . Hence the importance of being more alert in reducing the demerits of a sedentary lifestyle.

New Business,, Ali Moradkhani

2016-10-21T15:10:40+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Some people argue that to set out a new business, counting on a certain amount of money is inevitable, while others believe this could be possible by means of influential connections. To what extent do you agree? Write your own idea Economists always encourage people to begin their own business. It is necessary for any country to be productive and invent new ideas for economic growth that they called GPD which is short form of gross domestic product.in simple terms it means the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period. but when we talk about setting a new business up we are faced a big question: “how much wealth should we should spend for trigger”? Many people think that initiatinge a new business is impossible without sufficient money. They argue that to start anything in business you require a minimum wealth but others believe that money isn’t a big matter, but the fundamental factor depends on how much credit you have. They explain that influential connections could compensate the lack lake of money. I think the second groups is are right because nowadays big financial businesses in the world like The Wall Street are based on credits. In many stock markets people work with a wealth that is not theirs and they buy things just by their credits which that we can call it virtual money and then they sell those things and earn a profit get economic benefits without spending a penny. these modern financial connections metamorphose into the world’s economy. And many developed countries use this system for their GPD. Many times a simple idea could transform to a big international business. There are many companies that they are looking for an innovative idea to growth their wealth. Even there is a website where that people upload their business ideas to them and ask for financial aid to realize came a visionary idea true. And sometimes they find good investors if their idea is worth in website subscribers' ’s audiences’ eyes. As a conclusion I should say the most important thing for setting up out a new business is having a good idea for your trade and how to attract investments for its trigger. In other words, a fundamental requirement for a successful business is not how much money you have, but rather hence the way in which that you present perform it to the investors.

People's Healthy Life, Hossein Talebi

2016-10-21T15:10:27+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Some people claim that governments should take actions to ensure that people have a healthy life style. Others, however, disagree and believe that people should decide themselves which way they prefer to live their lives. Having a healthier life is the very wish of ordinary people, and the magnificent effect of everybody’s health status on the healthiness of society as a whole is not a secret to anybody, whereas whether the duty of nurturing the public is the onus of statesmen or people themselves has given gave rise to heated controversies. Some say it is incumbent on the government to supervise the mental and physical soundness of the community. They assert that governments should take any measure possible do proceedings to take people’s health status under control, and moreover to enhance hone it, meaning that politicians could enforce rules that the ministry of health perform actions to checkup all family members in scheduled periods, and treat cure the sick if there was any. In addition, they should oblige ordinary people to pursue a healthy method of living by regulating their eating and resting habits, and the food they consume, besides (engage in sport acticities) doing the sports actions which they could manage to do. On the other hand, sociologists believe that every individual should be independent to lead their life as they wish his/her living approach. Indeed no not any person or organization is permitted to interfere in with people’s lifestyle, since such interference will blemish the rule of personal liberty in society. They claim that each person has have the right to manage what he/she tends to eat or is keen on doing as a daily schedule. Therefore, people should be free to plan their life according to subjects which are they feel enthusiastic about. From my point of view, administering a vigorous life plan for individuals is the undeniable obligation of both people and governments. I strongly believe that contributing every effort to havinge a healthier life manner is not only the duty/burden onus of every citizen, but also a must for statesmen. The healthiness of the community is the building brick of every society which looks forward to reaching a sustainable development. Therefore, in developing countries everybody including ordinary people and politicians should follow a continuous program to promote increase the mental and physical state of the public. In a nutshell, the health status of people is of high importance for countries which are demanding a bright future, and to this end all the community should perform as one acting lever to improve inhabitants’ healthiness. Hosein Talebi

Politician are Most Responsible for Protection of the Environment Than Individuals, Sarang Rose

2016-10-21T15:10:11+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Task: Politician are most responsible for protection of the environment than individuals. To what extend to you agree or disagree. These days our planet suffers from its residents’ harmful activities, so it is a must to have a plan to preserve it. while some believe that it is statesmen’s obligation to preserve the earth, others claim that it is incumbent on all the inhabitants to take care of this duty. From my perspective, governments and people should assume equal responsibility in this regard. On the one hand, my personal conviction is that governments play a vital role in conserving the earth. They are able to introduce stringent laws into saving the surroundings. For instance, they can levy high tax on plastics’ producers or provide tax incentives for factories which manufacture Hybrid or Electrical vehicles means instead of fossil-fuel ones. In addition, politicians can support cultural activities which raise awareness regarding to nature conservation. For example, by giving non-repay loans to producers they can pave the way for making documentaries which show drawbacks of hunting and poaching and back the corporations which are active in harvesting renewable energies. On the other hand, individuals’ contribution in preservation of Mother Earth is a decisive factor. I strongly hold the opinion that politicians’ programs would not be effective if individuals did not endorse theiry decisions. Simply put, the more contribution from individuals in conservation programs, the higher possibility for preserving the planet. For instance, people can get behind the factories which produce electrical cars or banned stores which offer plastic productsstaffs. Therefore, they force producers to follow governments’ strategies. As a conclusion, I believe that protection of the surrounding is a national responsibility and it would be totally wrong if we disclaimed obligation from one side. In other words, individuals and governments supplement each other in the case of nature conservation.

Public Health and Sport

2016-10-21T15:09:58+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

9 – Test 3 Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sport facilities. Other, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. The idea of improving public health and how to make it possible has been a great concern in societies. This essay deals with different views of those who believe in of providing more equipment and claim that other measures should be considered correspondingly to encourage people for a healthier lifestyle. Those people who are in favour of increasing sport equipment, may argue that by providing more sport facilities; firstly, individuals are more determined intended to participate in classes to work out. However, the quality of sporting equipment, affordable prices and highly skilled trainers should be considered. Secondly, they find sport clubs more practical to spend most of their time. For example, in USA , that is to say; a sport oriented country, people are more interested in being to be involved in sport clubs and consequently having healthier lifestyle to achieve their health`s goals by having more intention to being more and healthy. However, the opponents believe that other circumstances should be factored in to enhance the communities’ health likewise. For instance, arousing the potential of competing in adults and younger generations, educating parents and children by practicing in parks on a regular basis can be considered possible solutions. having said that, if individuals have a competing feeling and strong motivation which can be encouraged committed by educational organizations and families, they can achieve their goals just by doing simple exercises’ in public places. Therefore, I personally tend to agree with the second view. I think creating potential willingness to pursue of a healthier life can be realized committed at in least through sport facilities, which means it means sport facilities alone cannot guarantee for being healthy.

Rapid Economic Development, Morteza

2016-10-21T15:09:43+00:00

جهت مشاهده Writing تصحیح شده فایل PDF را دانلود نمایید.

Morteza Nemti Writing Task II #2 In recent years some countries have experienced very rapid economic development. This has resulted in much higher standards of living in urban areas but not in the countryside. This situation may bring some problems for the country as a whole. What are these problems? How might they be reduced? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience. As the big cities' economies make progress, metropolitans are provided with better living quality lives which simply result in nothingness in the countryside. Without a question this trend will be followed by many problems to the whole country, for it is the farmers who feed the whole population. These problems as well as some approaches to reverse this trend or lessen its effects will be discussed in this writing. With the rise of the populations who are abandoning rural areas for large cities seeking better opportunities and living conditions, the suburban areas without which the governments remain empty-handed to feed people are being ruined. In the 70’s in my country about 55%(just over half) of the people were living in suburban areas. Meanwhile, the country was exporting agricultural products to nearby markets. 30 years later, it was announced that countrymen compose/comprise/represent/account for roughly a quarter of form a percentage of 28 in the whole population of the country and now we are importing wheat and many other strategic products we used to export. Cities have been growing larger uncontrollably and alarmingly. People have been coming to cities that were not unaccustomed to the urban culture. For instance, cities were on an attempt to control the birth rate while peasants needed bigger human resources and were definitely keen on giving birth to as many as they could. Quarrels/rows/ feuds/conflicts/Arguments in many neighborhoods arose and the whole country disappointedly paid for it. However, in a free enterprise where any private business operates in competition, the government is not always allowed to do what seems the best, the investing orientations of the government and the encouraging policies/incentives must become aligned with what satisfies countrymen with their rustic life, and if need be despite the wide law-based belief, governments should change the law and align it with other factors required. The attitude of the authorities should hold fast to making rural life better and better until it reaches the balance point where the proportion of the population living in cities becomes rational, otherwise . Otherwise, Morteza Nemti Writing Task II #2 not only will more countrymen leave their life for a better, but also with the countryside abandoned and the coercion on providing cities with their requirements by even importing what countrymen used to produce, the rustic life will be totally destroyed. The more unbalanced the development of economy in rural and urban areas, the more people will immigrate to large cities; the less will remain responsible for rural traditional duties, Hence the immediate consideration of measures to abort this trend some of which include changing the investing orientations of the government and the encouraging policies to make them more efficient to attract people to stay and even choose a the rustic life.